Archive for the ‘Children's Health’ Category

Autism: the environmental contribution

Saturday, March 6th, 2010

Current Opinion in PediatricsThis review just published in the journal Current Opinion in Pediatrics doesn’t attempt a comprehensive analysis of the multiple contributing causes of autism. It is, however, an important proposal by a respected authority in the field. He strongly asserts that environmental neurotoxins be more carefully investigated than they have up to this time. The author notes that genetic factors…

“…account for only a small fraction of cases, and do not easily explain key clinical and epidemiological features.” He further states that “Indirect evidence for an environmental contribution to autism comes from studies demonstrating the sensitivity of the developing brain to external exposures such as lead, ethyl alcohol and methyl mercury. But the most powerful proof-of-concept evidence derives from studies specifically linking autism to exposures in early pregnancy – thalidomide, misoprostol, and valproic acid; maternal rubella infection; and the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos.”

The author concludes by summarizing:

“Children today are surrounded by thousands of synthetic chemicals. Two hundred of them are neurotoxic in adult humans, and 1000 more in laboratory models. Yet fewer than 20% of high-volume chemicals have been tested for neurodevelopmental toxicity. I propose a targeted discovery strategy focused on suspect chemicals, which combines expanded toxicological screening, neurobiological research and prospective epidemiological studies.”

Many of you reading this may already know that I am using laboratory tools to objectively assess for toxic exposure and metabolism, along with evidence-based physiological interventions that protect and support the capacity of the body to break down and eliminate these ubiquitous poisons.

Ritalin and sudden death in children and adolescents

Wednesday, February 24th, 2010

American Journal of Psychiatry 0609This important study published not long ago in the American Journal of Psychiatry documents a link between the use of stimulant medications (particularly methylphenidate = Ritalin) and sudden death in youths. The authors found that “A significant association of stimulant use with sudden unexplained death emerged from the primary analysis.” Their conclusion should be taken into careful consideration: “This case-control study provides support for an association between the use of stimulants and sudden unexplained death among children and adolescents. Although sudden unexplained death is a rare event, this finding should be considered in the context of other data about the risk and benefit of stimulants in medical treatment.” Why accept this risk and the deleterious effects of long-term stimulant use when the evidenced-based functional medicine approach treats the underlying causes?

Protect children from exposure to insecticides

Sunday, February 21st, 2010

photo for Env Heal PerspA study just published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives began with this observation: “Insecticides that target the nervous system may play a role in the development of childhood brain tumors (CBTs).” Naturally, as the authors note, there are significant genetic differences in the ability to metabolize such toxic chemicals. Indeed, they “observed strong interactions between genotype and insecticide exposure during childhood.” Their considerate conclusion: “Based on known effects of these variants, these results suggest that exposure in childhood to organophosphorus and perhaps to carbamate insecticides in combination with a reduced ability to detoxify them may be associated with CBT.”

Environmental Health Perspectives

Childhood obesity and blood sugar, not cholesterol, predict premature death

Monday, February 15th, 2010

The New England Journal of Medicine just published this disturbing study concerning childhood risk factors for cardiovascular disease on later death as adults. They set out to determine which risk factors including “body-mass index (BMI), glucose tolerance, and blood pressure and cholesterol levels predicted premature death.” Their cautionary conclusion: “Obesity, glucose intolerance, and hypertension in childhood were strongly associated with increased rates of premature death from endogenous causes in this population. In contrast, childhood hypercholesterolemia was not a major predictor of premature death from endogenous causes.”

New England Journal

Vitamin A helps prevent parasite infections

Thursday, February 4th, 2010

Journal of Ped Gastro & NutrAnyone treating the underlying causes of chronic diseases is familiar with the important impact of gastrointestinal parasitic infections on the immune system and chronic inflammation, and knows how common they are. This randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial recently published in the Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition offers welcome evidence that Vitamin A supplementation can significantly reduce the incidence of parasitic infections. The conclusion: “These data showed that total parasitic infection and Giardia spp infections were significantly lower in the vitamin A treatment group when compared with the placebo group, suggesting that vitamin A improves the host’s defenses against Giardia infections.” This is not surprising considering the importance of vitamin A for the tissues that line the GI and respiratory tracts and their immune integrity.

Xylitol sweetener reduces dental caries in children

Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010

Archives of Pediatric & Adolesc MedThere is more evidence for the effectiveness of the natural sweetener xylitol in the prevention of dental caries in children in this double-blind randomized clinical trial published in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. Xylitol given as an oral syrup resulted in these findings: “Compared with the control group, there were significantly fewer decayed teeth in the Xyl-2x and in the Xyl-3x group. No statistical difference was noted between the 2 xylitol treatment groups.” This means that there was no apparent difference between giving the xylitol 2 times per day and 3 times per day. The authors conclude: “Xylitol oral syrup administered topically 2 or 3 times daily at a total daily dose of 8 g was effective in preventing early childhood caries.”

Journal of PediatricsAnd here’s another study just published in The Journal of Pediatrics, a double-blind randomized controlled trial that also demonstrated similar efficacy for the reduction of dental caries in very young children. The conclusion was identical: “Xylitol oral syrup administered topically 2 or 3 times daily at a total daily dose of 8 g was effective in reducing early childhood caries progression.” As you probably know, xylitol is available in chewing gum and toothpaste. I like the Unda products from Belgium for their additional ingredients.

Increase in death risk from gluten-related gut inflammation

Tuesday, February 2nd, 2010

JAMA 091609This paper published in JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association) recently examined the risk of death associated with celiac disease. The investigators found a modest but significant increase in risk of death not only with celiac, but also with latent celiac disease and small intestine inflammation. They note that “This risk increase was also seen in children.” The take home message here is that even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms (”latent celiac disease”), there is an overall negative impact. The authors’ conclusion: “Risk of death among patients with celiac disease, inflammation, or latent celiac disease is modestly increased.”

Children and fatty liver disease

Thursday, January 28th, 2010

GUT 0709Parents, if your children are overweight it is prudent to protect them by having their liver enzymes measured. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is being seen much more frequently in children due to the marked increase in metabolic syndrome associated with being overweight. This paper published in the journal GUT (International Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology) “aimed at determining the long-term outcomes and survival of children with NAFLD.” Liver biopsies were obtained when indicated. The investigators documented a disturbing progression to end-stage liver disease and liver transplantation: “Children with NAFLD may develop end-stage liver disease with the consequent need for liver transplantation. NAFLD in children…may be associated with a significantly shorter survival as compared to the general population.”. Their findings are encouragement to help children eat well and exercise. What is the key: Insulin resistance is almost a universal finding in paediatric NAFLD.”

Most doctors are not comfortable diagnosing food allergies

Tuesday, January 19th, 2010

PediatricsFood allergy and food sensitivity are common aggravating factors for chronic inflammation of many kinds. If you think food allergy or sensitivity may be contributing to your problems, be sure to find a doctor who has the right knowledge and experience. This paper just published in the journal Pediatrics examined 407 primary care physicians for their knowledge and confidence about food allergy. The authors report that “…only 24% knew that oral food challenges may be used in the diagnosis of food allergy, 12% correctly rejected that chronic nasal problems are not symptom of food allergy, and 23% recognized that yogurts/cheeses from milk are unsafe for children with immunoglobulin E–mediated milk allergies.” Their polite conclusion: “Knowledge of food allergy among primary care physicians was fair. Opportunities for improvement exist, as acknowledged by participants’ own perceptions of their clinical abilities in the management of food allergy.”

Lifestyle beats metformin for diabetes prevention

Monday, January 4th, 2010

The LancetThe 10-year follow-up of diabetes and weight loss in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study was reported in a paper published recently in The Lancet. The authors state that “Diabetes incidence in the 10 years since DPP randomisation was reduced by 34%…in the lifestyle group and 18%…in the metformin group compared with placebo.” It has been my experience that, although evidence-based nutraceuticals and medications have an important role, lifestyle factors including diet and exercise carry the greatest weight. Also hear this story on the impact of lifestyle changes reported on NPR.